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Thursday, 9 August 2012

AVR Family Overview




ATmega32A is a microcontroller from ATmega series of AVR microcontrollers manufactured by Atmel manufacturers. The AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time.
       

             Another interesting fact is that AVR architecture was devised by two students at Norwegian Institute of Technology  Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan.AVR is not an acronym but it is univeraslly accepted that it is named after it's designers as Alf (Egil Bogen) and Vegard (Wollan)'s Risc processor.The whole AVR family of Microcontrollers are categorised into six groups as follows
  • Tiny AVR's
  • Mega AVR's
  • Xmega AVR's
  • AVR's with FPGA
  • 32-bit AVR's and
  • Application specific AVR's
The following video shows how popular are these AVR's and a few words from their designers.
       


           Of the above my interest is with Mega AVR's which are intermediate between Tiny's and the Xmega's.Mega AVR's offer a good start for the newbies (like me) having wide support all over the web.Let us now see some common features of the Mega AVR's.
  • 4-256KB of Program memory(Flash)
  • Extended Instruction set
  • Extended Peripheral set
  • Inbuilt EEPROM(few KB)
  • Different types of Communication(USART,TWI and SPI)
  • Inbuilt Analog to Digital Converters
  • Inbuilt pulse width Modulation
  • Interrupts and
  • Different modes of  Operation for Power saving
              We shall discuss these features in detail considering a particular microcontroller in Mega AVR's and that is ATmega32A.This microcontroller is widely available and mostly used in intermediate applications and in embedded controllers.

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